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Q11. What are AI model export controls?

AI model export controls are government restrictions on who can access specific AI models based on nationality, location, or end use. In 2026, both the US Commerce Department and China's Ministry of Commerce began restricting cross-border access to frontier AI models, treating model weights as controlled technology under classifications like ECCN 4E091. For AI deployers, this means model access can no longer be assumed to be permanent or universal — it is now a compliance-gated resource.

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